Vitamin D

The latest articles related to Vitamin D

Coeliac disease – Signs and symptoms

Severe coeliac disease leads to the characteristic symptoms of pale, loose and greasy stool (steatorrhoea), weight loss or failure to gain weight (in young children). People with milder coeliac disease may have symptoms that are much more subtle and occur in other organs rather than the bowel itself. Finally, it is possible to have coeliac [...]

Nido – Introduction

NIDO (also written ‘Nido’) is a powdered milk supplement manufactured by Nestlé. Although there is no age recommendation, marketing is featured around children over three years of age with the tagline “Nutritious Milk for Growing Kids”. Nido boasts a fortified formula that includes calcium and vitamin D, and is said to contribute to over twenty [...]

Nutrition facts label – Regional manifestations

Australia and New Zealand Australia and New Zealand use a nutritional information panel of the following format: Other items are included as appropriate, and the units may be varied as appropriate. Canada In Canada, a standardized “Nutrition Facts” label was introduced as part of regulations passed in 2003, and became mandatory for most prepackaged food [...]

Thyroid disease – Treatment

Medical treatment Levothyroxine is a stereoisomer of thyroxine which is degraded much slower and can be administered once daily in patients with hypothyroidism. Natural thyroid hormone from pigs is also used, especially for people who cannot tolerate the synthetic version. Graves’ disease may be treated with the thioamide drugs propylthiouracil, carbimazole or methimazole, or rarely [...]

Osteoporosis – Prevention

Methods to prevent osteoporosis include changes of lifestyle. However, there are medications that can be used for prevention as well. As a different concept there are osteoporosis ortheses which help to prevent spine fractures and support the building up of muscles. Fall prevention can help prevent osteoporosis complications. Lifestyle Lifestyle prevention of osteoporosis is in [...]

Common cold – Cause

Viruses The common cold is due to a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. The most commonly implicated virus is a rhinovirus (30–50%), a type of picornavirus with 99 known serotypes. Others include: coronavirus (10–15%), influenza (5–15%), human parainfluenza viruses, human respiratory syncytial virus, adenoviruses, enteroviruses, and metapneumovirus. In total over 200 serologically different [...]

Osteoporosis – Pathogenesis

The underlying mechanism in all cases of osteoporosis is an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation. In normal bone, there is constant matrix remodeling of bone; up to 10% of all bone mass may be undergoing remodeling at any point in time. The process takes place in bone multicellular units (BMUs) as first described [...]

Melanin – Introduction

Melanin pigment (dark granular material – center of image) in a pigmented melanoma. Pap stain.:$endImage–> Melanin (Greek μέλας, ”black”; ) is a pigment that is ubiquitous in nature, being found in all organisms. In animals melanin pigments are derivatives of the amino acid tyrosine. The most common form of biological melanin is eumelanin, a brown-black [...]

Ovarian cancer – Cause

The exact cause is usually unknown. The risk of developing ovarian cancer appears to be affected by several factors. The more children a woman has, the lower her risk of ovarian cancer. Early age at first pregnancy, older age of final pregnancy and the use of low dose hormonal contraception have also been shown to [...]

Coeliac disease – Diagnosis

Coeliac

There are several tests that can be used to assist in diagnosis. The level of symptoms may determine the order of the tests, but ”all” tests lose their usefulness if the patient is already taking a gluten-free diet. Intestinal damage begins to heal within weeks of gluten being removed from the diet, and antibody levels [...]









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